Why thiazolidinediones cause fluid retention?

Why thiazolidinediones cause fluid retention?

The fluid retention and rapid body weight gain induced by TZD treatment are caused by increased fluid reabsorption in the distal nephron as well as increased vascular permeability in adipose tissues (see Figure 3).

What are the side effects of thiazolidinediones?

Adverse Effects

  • Edema and Congestive Heart Failure.
  • Weight Gain.
  • Fractures.
  • Bladder Cancer.
  • Hepatotoxicity.
  • Diabetic Macular Edema.
  • Increased Ovulation and Teratogenic Effects.

Does rosiglitazone cause edema?

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonists such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are used to improve insulin sensitivity in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, thiazolidinediones induce fluid retention, edema, and sometimes precipitate or exacerbate heart failure in a subset of patients.

What are the boxed warnings of thiazolidinediones?

The labels of all thiazolidinediones now carry a black box warning about the risk of heart failure, the Food and Drug Administration announced on Aug. 14. The strengthened warning emphasizes that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) may “cause or exacerbate congestive heart failure in some patients,” according to the FDA.

Does pioglitazone cause feet swelling?

You shouldn’t use this drug if you have symptoms of heart failure. Symptoms can include fast weight gain and shortness of breath or trouble breathing, especially when you lie down. They can also include unusual tiredness and swelling or fluid retention in your arms or legs.

Does pioglitazone cause swelling?

Side effects of pioglitazone include: swelling (edema), when used in combination with sulfonylurea or insulin. low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) upper respiratory infection.

Who should not take thiazolidinediones?

Thiazolidinediones should NOT be used in children under age 18 years, for Type 1 diabetes, or for diabetic ketoacidosis.

What potential side effect of rosiglitazone must be monitored for specifically in geriatric patients?

Warning. Thiazolidinediones, including rosiglitazone, cause or exacerbate CHF in some patients. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of CHF (e.g., excessive, rapid weight gain; dyspnea; and/or edema) after initiation of therapy and dosage titration.

Does pioglitazone cause fluid retention?

According to the manufacturers’ information, troglitazone, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone may cause fluid retention in 2% to 5% of patients receiving monotherapy and 5% to 15% receiving concomitant insulin therapy 21, 22, 23.

Can pioglitazone cause leg swelling?

Does thiazolidinediones cause weight gain?

However, TZDs cause weight gain, which has been thought to be a class effect of TZDs. TZD-associated weight gain may result mainly from increased fat mass and fluid retention and may be in part congruent to the mechanism of action of TZD.

Can metformin cause edema?

For people with heart failure and swelling (edema): This drug can cause your body to retain extra fluid. This leads to swelling and weight gain, and may worsen your heart problems or lead to heart failure. Don’t take metformin/pioglitazone if you have severe heart failure.

Does rosiglitazone cause weight gain?

Rosiglitazone will be given at 4 mg for the first 4 weeks, and if tolerated, increased to 8 mg for the duration of the study….Rosiglitazone-Induced Weight Gain.

Last Update Posted: October 20, 2016
Last Verified: October 2016

Can pioglitazone cause macular edema?

Pioglitazone can cause fluid retention and peripheral edema in diabetic patients (Niemeyer and Janney 2002; Mudaliar et al 2003), and the systematic fluid retention can be manifested as diabetic macular edema (DME) (Perkovich and Meyers 1988; Tokuyama et al 2000).

What medications cause edema?

Many medicines can cause edema, including:

  • NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen and naproxen)
  • Calcium channel blockers.
  • Corticosteroids (like prednisone and methylprednisolone)
  • Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.
  • Pramipexole.

What medications cause water retention?

Medications – certain drugs, including high blood pressure medication (antihypertensives), corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to cause fluid retention.

Can thiazolidinediones cause weight loss?

Which diabetes medication causes edema?

Pioglitazone (Actos) and rosiglitazone (Avandia) are medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. Leg swelling is a well-known side effect of both meds, so if you experience swelling while taking them, ask your doctor about switching to another medication.